Principles of animation

Anticipation
The movement of the body shows a natural way of gaining momentum.Before people throw a ball or an item, the body would slightly turn to gain the force and the speed of the object.

Creating Holds

Exaggeration
Exaggeration is action that are loud, violent and wild.It is mostly used when there's a great impact or force being put on an object.In this video, it shows that the 'slapping' is a very powerful force that creates an great impact.

Follow-Through
Momentum will carry parts of the body past the stopping point.In this case, it would be the ponytail that swings from left to right.The ponytail does'nt stop at the same time when she stops.

Overshoot
This shows overshoot as she throws her arms out before pointing out her fingers.The arm will anticipate the move before the action starts.

                                          

Squash and stretch
When there are force exerted to the ball, it will 'squash'. If there's a gravity pull, the ball will stretch.Even if we can't see the squashing and stretching with our own eyes,this principle creates an impactful effect to a bouncing ball.

                                         

Secondary Action

Silhouettes
This is one of the fundamentals of good posing.If an action is presented so that its outline is clear,it's actions will be clear as well.One advantage of using this principle, human's eye tends to catch contrast easily.Therefore, silhouettes can get attention of people with no doubt.

Strong line of action
It would look much more convincing when the body arcs back when throwing the ball than just the arm swinging.It can create the of power being put into when throwing the ball.

Exercise 4 (Pixar Lamps)

1)  Apart from their different sizes, it is obvious from Luxo Jr. that the big lamp is “older” and that the small lamp is “younger”.

How is this communicated by the animation? Give at least THREE examples.

- The 'younger' lamp is more active and faster in its actions.

-The 'older' lamp does not shift it's position as much as the 'young' lamp.

-The 'younger' lamp rotates and move its joints more than the 'older' lamp,more bends.(stretch out and inwards)

2)  Give an example from Luxo Jr of how timing is used for comic effect. Explain how the timing decisions contribute to the humour.

     An example will be the part when the 'young' lamp rolls out another bigger ball to play. It is because, the audience will know what will happen to the ball later on after seeing what it did to the first ball.The 'older' lamp then look towards the screen and shook its head telling how active and playful the 'young' lamp is even after its first ball was inflated. 

3)   When you create a joint chain, these form a hierarchy, with the first joint at the top and the last joint at the bottom. Explain why this is necessary for the joints to work properly.

This is necessary because when join chain is created, it will form a nested hierarchy.With the top selected as the first joint, the hierarchy will be at the top most as that will be the area that is going to animate most.